During this battle, CHM Singh was with the leading section of the company. He rushed forward to deal with the enemy medium machine gun post which was playing havoc with his troops. Enemy grenade splinters ripped open his clothes and wounded several parts of his body. But this did not deter him. He still continued the advance, shouting the battle cry, “Raja Ramchandra Ki Jai”. Rushing forward he bayoneted the crew of the enemy MMG, with his own sten gun, silenced the menacing gun and occupied the post. By this time all his companions lay behind either dead or wounded.

The responsibility of clearing the enemy from the hill laid with this hero. Bleeding profusely he went forward to attack the second enemy MMG post.
This time a grenade wounded him in the face. The blood dripping from his face almost blinded him. By now all the sten gun ammunition with him had been spent. He courageously crawled out of the occupied enemy trench and hurled grenades at the next enemy post. CHM Singh then jumped into another trench and bayoneted two enemy soldiers to death.

As CHM Singh, emerged out of the second trench to charge on the third enemy bunker, he was hit in head by a bullet and was seen dropping on the edge of the enemy trench. There was an explosion in the trench which showed that the grenade had done its work.  “He paid with his life for his singularity brave act, but he left for the rest of his comrades a unique example of single-handed bravery and determined cold courage.

He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India’s highest award for valour in the face of the enemy.

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“She was on my neck along with my scarf,” she explained, noting that she checked her neck for “Penelope” at every stop to be safe.

“Sometimes she will climb into my bag, but she did not and she was not stuck in the lining of my coat or anything like that.  I couldn’t find her anywhere,” Melissa said.

“There’s a small chance that maybe she was left at Park Street and I was just feeling my scarf.  But I’m very positive that I lost her in, I think they said car three, between Park Street and Andrew, because I was getting off at Andrew when I realized didn’t have her.”

The train was delayed for 15 minutes as people searched the car for the snake. It was not found and the train left.

Another lengthy search was done in Braintree and came up empty.

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Halloween has become a very scary occasion, and not because of the ghouls and goblins that haunt the neighborhood this time of year. What began as a harvest festival has turned into a celebration of commercialized excess – second only to Christmas in terms of consumer spending.

Stores are filled with mass-produced Halloween decorations that cost a fortune and may not even survive the season. Why spend a lot of money on plastic junk when you can use stuff you have lying around the house to make your own creepy concoctions? Go green this Halloween by skipping the shopping spree; have a fun-filled weekend craftactular instead.

The history of Halloween

The original celebration of Halloween or “Samhain” was held on the eve of November 1 as a brief time between the seasons when spirits could mix freely with humans. A Celtic festival, Samhain’s purpose was to placate dead and evil forces and to please the gods after the end of the growing season. It was a time between the joys of the harvest and the hardships of the winter to come.

Animals were sacrificed for winter storage, their life-energy was returned to the dormant soil to replenish it. Revelers donned costumes and masks to ward off evil spirits, and fires were lit to ward off the coming darkness.

Centuries after it was first celebrated, by Scottish and Irish immigrants, descendents of the ancient Celts, who brought the tradition of Halloween to North America in the 19th century. Feasting and costume balls highlighted the early North American celebrations. It wasn’t until the early ’50s that door-to-door trick or treating became popular on Halloween. By the ’90s, Halloween had evolved into the major commercial event that it is today.

How to

Raid the garbage and recycling bins. What did you find? Tin cans, glass jars, plastic containers and toilet-paper rolls? Perfect. Now let’s see what Halloween goodies you can create out of these items.

Turn the tin cans into luminaries (a fancy word for candle holders) with a little paint and a hammer and nail. Use the hammer and nail to punch holes in the can. They can be random or in spooky Halloween designs like pumpkins, ghosts and cats. If that’s too hard, just punch holes around the top and bottom in a row all the way around the can, and then a few in the middle. This helps the candlelight shine through. Paint fun Halloween colors and designs on the cans with acrylic paint. Add some candles or flameless LED lights.

Transform the glass jars into crafty candy containers or fun candle holders. You can glue on paper designs, add stickers or paint the bottles with acrylic or glass paints. If you are creative and skilled, you can even etch the glass with fall designs. Get unwrapped colorful candy in bulk and add to the candy jars for colorful displays. Or place candles inside to make them scary luminaries.

Turn the toilet-paper rolls into fun favor boxes and creepy little crafts. With some paint, stickers, pipe cleaners and maybe even a few jewels, you can turn plain and ordinary into something surprising and extraordinary. To transform them into simple Jack O’ Lanterns, paint them pumpkin orange, let them dry, then paint black or yellow faces on them.

Turn plastic containers into fun Halloween creatures. Plastic laundry soap bottles can be turned into spooky black cats and big orange pumpkins with a little bit of spray paint for plastic and a good imagination. To make a cat, paint the bottles with black spray paint (suitable for plastic) two or three times to ensure solid coverage; then let them dry overnight. Use craft foam, plastic jewels and pipe cleaners to give the cat ears, eyes, a nose, whiskers and a collar. Glue everything on with a hot glue gun.

Get ghostly with old sheets, pillowcases or tablecloths. Old white or very light blue linens can easily be made into ghastly ghosts that you can hang indoors or out. You can toss a sheet over a ball or a “head” made of stuffed newspaper, tie something around the head and let the rest of the sheet float freely. Get fancy and shred the bottom of the material to let it float freely in the breeze. You can even get really creative by adding some blood spatter with red paint or taping in some battery-operated LED lights for glowing creepiness.

Welcome trick-or-treaters and party guests with scarecrows, zombies or dismembered body parts. Use old clothes to create spooky creatures and dismembered parts that can be placed in chairs, seated on benches or arranged shockingly wherever you wish. Stuff the old clothes with other old clothes or crumpled newspaper; then add a mask or a pumpkin as a creepy head. Add a small tape recorder with some creepy sounds or a moving animatronic hand to really give people a fright.

Incorporate natural elements as part of your spooky Halloween and seasonal decor. Pumpkins, gourds, squash, cornstalks, dried corn and apples look great arranged artfully together, especially when you add fall flowers like mums, marigolds and late-blooming sunflowers. The tops of pumpkins can be cut off, scooped out and filled with water, then used as a decorative vase filled with flowers. Artful arrangements are easy to make; just group everything together in a way that pleases you.

Carve some pumpkins. The trusty Jack O’ Lantern is still one of the best ways to decorate green for Halloween. Grab some pumpkins, have a family fun night and see who can carve the best pumpkin. Then don’t forget to light them up on Halloween.

Eco tips

Commercial pumpkins are generally grown with pesticides and herbicides, so try to purchase locally-grown, organic pumpkins and limit to one. Even better, if you have a vegetable garden, commit to growing your own next year.

The most commercially made candy is loaded with high fructose corn syrup, trans fats, chemicals and preservatives and may contain genetically modified (GMO) ingredients. Opt for organic, fair trade candies that are locally produced, 100% fruit snacks, granola bars or trail mix for little “treaters” this year.

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a non-recyclable, known carcinogen that can release toxic chemicals and it’s found in the soft vinyl used to make plastic Halloween costumes and masks. Avoid PVC by making costumes from discarded clothing or visit a charity store such as Goodwill or rent a costume that will be reused again and again.

Commercial makeup is not regulated and may contain parabens (known to cause breast cancer) and phthalates (sperm damage and reproductive problems), so look for non-toxic face paints or make your own by adding food coloring to 30 ml of shortening and 30 ml of cornstarch.

Disposable plates, cutlery and glasses used for parties end up in the landfill, so use your own reusable plates or rent items as needed. To set the perfect mood, go for for beeswax or soy candles instead of paraben wax candles that release toxic gases into the air and are made from petroleum. Be sure to cover candles with glass hurricanes to reduce the risk of fire and extinguish before leaving the room.

Commercial Halloween decorations are made from plastic or Styrofoam, which are difficult to recycle and are made from petroleum – a non-renewable resource. Use your creative flair and try decorating with items from your garden (like fallen tree branches and leaves, corn stalks, apples, and dried flowers), which can be composted after the big night.

Purchased ghouls and goblins are expensive and usually made from plastic , but white sheets can make great ghosts and strips of old sheets can be used to create a very scary mummy. To light up your haunted house, go with LED lights, which use significantly less energy and last much longer than the ordinary variety.

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Inside the UK Pavilion, the Kew Millennium Seed Bank’s role in seed conservation is highlighted – the Kew Millennium Seed Bank is home to the largest collection of wild plant seeds in the world. After the 2010 Shanghai Expo is finished, the wild seeds in the encased glass rods will be given to China.

Of the extraordinary design and engineering production that is the UK Pavilion Thomas Heatherwick says, “It has been a tremendous achievement of the team to deliver such a complex structure. I am excited that the Seed Cathedral is now complete and I look forward to the millions of visitors to the Expo enjoying the space.”

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Broccoli and Garlic Cheese Casserole

2 bags frozen chopped broccoli, thawed (16oz each)
1/2 cup butter, melted
4 green onions, including tops, chopped
1/2 cup chopped celery
3 tablespoons flour
1 roll garlic cheese
1 can cream of mushroom soup
1 can or jar (4 ounces) sliced mushrooms, drained

Cook broccoli; drain. Saute onions and celery in melted butter until tender. Add flour and cook for about 2 minutes, stirring constantly. Add cheese and stir until melted; blend in soup. Add broccoli and mushrooms. Turn into a lightly greased casserole dish. Bake, covered, at 350 degrees for about 30 minutes.

Page 2: Potato Broccoli Casserole

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At Puerto Iguazu, near the frontier between Argentina and Brazil, comes another amazing house made entirely with recycled materials. Made by a local family, its walls have over 1200 PET bottles and its ceiling, more than 1300 TetraPak cartons.

The house is an initiative of Alfredo Santa Cruz and his family, who did it as a personal project to show the enormous value of materials we throw everyday. We don’t know what is the deal with the argentinians and their eco friendly buildings that raise awareness, but they got our vote.

“Domestic waste can be transformed into useful stuff. We developed our own technique, which allows people to build a house that’s perfectly functional at a very low cost and with their own hands. This is not just a project, but a reality,” says Alfredo Santa Cruz.

The family is now open to give free courses about construction with recovered materials (asking only for travel expenses and a place to stay) with the idea of expanding this practice so that more people are able to build with trash.

Apart from the mentioned amount of bottles and Tetra Pak cartons, the house has 140 compact disk cases in its doors and windows, 120 plastic bottles in couches, and another 200 bottles in a bed.

The place has a big house and a smaller children home, apart from furniture and accessories made with recycled materials as well.

Even if we’ve seen some houses with plastic bottles before, we gotta give some credit to this amazing construction.

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The fragile nature of each light bulb provides a delicate modern container that is every bit as elegant as fine china. These beautiful pieces are more than just functional — they are sure to add personality to any kitchen.

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Tito Ingenieri,  from a city called Quilmes, Argentina, has built a massive home made entirely from beer bottles and trash. And by massive, we mean so big that he lives there.

6 million bottles have been added to the home along 19 years (at least that’s what he claims).

Even if the home doesn’t look sleek or chic, we have to give Tito a credit for the recycling.

He’s a famous character in Quilmes and has been subject of many interviews.

Apart from the bottles, the home has some sculptures from trash and the artist also made the crazy pants, seat and boots from recycled tires.

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We’ve seen some interesting living walls and green roofs, but this goes beyond these applications and into the realm of being a complete living house.  Referred to as the Lost in Paris House, the structure took five years to complete and was designed by R&Sie architects.

What makes the house’s exterior green skin so unique is that it is a ‘living’ wall based on a hydroponics system.

The unique living envelope comprises 1200 ferns (or Dryopteris filix-mas) in a hydroponic system – the plants are not sustained by soil but by a chemical mixture of bacteria, nutrients, and rainwater.

Beneath the living skin is a 1400 square foot (130 square meter) home made of concrete and covered in a thin plastic shell and polyurethane coat for insulation.

Taking nearly five years to build, this home for 4 is always getting attention. Architect Francois Roche explains it as “a game of attraction and repulsion” where passersby may be inspired or frightened, and of course wary of the looming ‘urban witch.’

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Creating your own laundry detergent is very simple. All you need to do is mix the right ingredients and you’ll eventually end up with a great cleaning agent. If you get the right quantity per component, you’ll get an item that can rival any of the market leaders, for less than half of the price.

It takes about 15 minutes to make your own homemade liquid laundry detergent and about 10 minutes to make powdered laundry detergent using all natural ingredients that you can purchase from your grocery store.

Little introduction

Soap bars are known moisturizers which clean and soften skin. Some of them also work well with fabrics. Mixing soap with sodium carbonate and borax boosts their effectivness. Be careful the only ones qualified are Ivory, Fels-Naptha, Sunlight bar soap, Kirk’s Hardwater Castile, and Zote.

Washing Soda and Borax can normally be found in the laundry and cleaning aisles.

Some people with really hard water may have to adjust the recipe and add water softener, which is a heavy pollutant, but found in every detergent.

Soap Bar Based Laundry Detergent (Powder)

* 1 soap bar (3.1 oz)
* 1 cup of Borax
* 1 cup of washing Soda

Grate the soap into small strips and place in the pot with borax and washing soda. Mix together and use one to two tablespoons per load. Add essential oils if you like. Store covered and stir before using.

Soap Bar Based Laundry Detergent (Liquid)

* 1 soap bar (3.1 oz)
* 1 cup of Borax
* 1 cup of washing Soda
* 1 quart boiling water

Add the grated soap to the boiling water and stir over low heat until the soap pieces are all melted. Put this water into a large container and add the rest of the ingredients. Stir until it is completely dissolved. Add two gallons of water. Stirring well. Add essential oil for scent if you wish. Cover and allow to stand over the night. In the morning it will be a thin gel.

Use one-fourth cup of the mixture for each load of laundry. Be sure to stir it before use. This is low sudsing so don’t expect billows of suds when you do your clothes.

Eco-Friendly Laundry Detergent

* 1 natural soap bar (3.1 oz)
* 1 cup of Borax
* 1 cup of washing Soda

The only difference is the soap, which we’ll be making. On how to make natural soap read next week.

Homemade Fabric Softener

* ¼ cup of vinegar
* few drops of your favorite essential oil

Just add a cup of white vinegar to your washer’s rinse cycle and your laundry will come out soft and cling-free.

Homemade Fabric Softener

* 1 cup baking soda
* 6 cups distilled white vinegar
* 8 cups water
* 10-15 drops of your favorite essential oil

First add the baking soda and 1 cup of water. Slowly add the vinegar to the bottle as the vinegar and baking soda will start to fizz. Then add the rest of the water swirling around & cover venting the top a few times. Add the oil.

Add 1 cup in your final rinse cycle for each load but give the bottle a good shake to stir up the essential oil if using.

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